Is Money an Effective Motivator at Work?

When I saw this topic, my first reaction is yes. Because we are all work for money, which could support our family, for eating, dressing, traveling, shopping and so on. To be honest, money could bring everything, including happiness. So it is impossible for someone to work hard without money. But after second thought, I realized that there are some other motivators of work, such as self-interest, social status, or some other reasons. About working is for money and power, the impetus of ordinary workers is inseparable from the topic. Intermediate managers, especially Chinese, insist that money is the most powerful force. All things are obedient to money,really? Money – poor credit card, is it always a powerful motivator of performance? Theorists of Authoritative organization think that the policy with sticks and carrot can make the workers work, this type of carrot-and-stick could really use in the industrial revolution. Most economists who hold the concept of â€Å"economic man† has a similar view. To these views, Psychologist’s reactions are very strong. They cited some surveys as evidence. What is the most important factor? When the workers were asked about the work of judgment, â€Å"pay† generally is in the sixth, located after safety, colleagues at work, tastes, benefits, etc. Recently, some other survey found that pension and other benefits are of importance than salary. But money is not the only power. Work safety, fitting, a caring environment is motivation. About the power of work, I discussed with some classmates who have been working for several months. In the process of chat, students think work environment including leadership, colleagues and environment construction, people always think a good leader is the greatest power, their work colleagues of harmony and comfortable working environment is the premise that oneself like work, have harmonious environment is happy. When it comes to work, students from better family condition don not care for salary; while from poor families generally care salary a lot. About when they start working passion, everyone has many words to say, also have their own experience and the experience in the work can be said that at the beginning of every time, any work is ok. but with the time passed by, some people began to reflect on their behavior and pay, a few people began to complain that the blame, not to let oneself introspect neself. I have summarized the work force like our first job, to love our work and commitment in the present work, as his own life for most, can do his work, work motivation is quite enough, Work with high pay is the important factor generated power, Good working environment and harmonious interpersonal relationship is the leader of the work force, charger Leadership is highly beneficial supplement of the work force, it’s difficult for you not want to have power with the above conditions . Actually, every job contains many personal growth opportunities, when young just entered society; they should not concern too much about money, but the consideration of salary. We should pay attention to the work itself could brings what reward to us. As the development of oneself, increase their ability of social experience, enhance personal personality charm is more meaningful. And compared to work experience and acquired skills, a small salary is not so important. The boss pays you money, and you give his lifelong benefit, this can make you priceless. Facing the job, we should put more long-term vision, to see their future development, to see your future career. Because of our hard work, we can learn knowledge, experience, competence and skill, which laid the solid foundation for the future career. So, even though we now look like a silly person, and could get only little money, the harvest will come soon.

Charles Dickens Essay

Even at this early stage in the story the reader can see something special in Pip. He was the only one out of six boys to survive birth and is now fending for himself. To the reader it is obvious that Pip is a loner and doesn’t stand up for himself very much, he’ll just get bossed around by his sister, by Miss Havisham, by Estella and Magwitch. In the third paragraph Dickens really wants the reader to understand just how alone and sad Pip is. He does this by describing Pip as a bundle of shivers rather than a little boy. â€Å"and that the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry, was Pip. † This sentence gives the reader an image of Pip shaking, wanting somebody to protect him. Dickens uses his settings as a base for feelings. His choice of setting reflects the situation. In extract one Magwitch threatens Pip with death right in front of all his families’ graves, which is sort of ironic. The whole situation is a cause to give Pip sympathy. Dickens describes Magwitch with longer descriptions first and then short one-word descriptions after. This makes Magwitch’s faults seem to go on forever and it also makes him more frightening. â€Å"A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head†¦ who limped, and shivered, and glared and growled. † The words Dickens uses to describe Pip are also very important. They are very emotive words such as, â€Å"Pleaded in terror† â€Å"trembling† â€Å"timidly explained† â€Å"to give me a greater sense of helplessness and danger† The way Pip’s speech is described is also a key point for sympathy. Pip is very polite to his elders, using â€Å"sir† even when Magwitch is threatening to kill him, â€Å"There, sir! † He is also shown to be nervous and scared by faltering and stammering his speech, â€Å"Goo-good-night, sir,† I faltered† This shows a very moral side of Pip, because even though he is terrified of this man he still says good-night to him. In extract one Dickens uses a repetitive technique to make the moment more tense. â€Å"You get me a file. † He tilted me again. â€Å"And you get me wittles. † He tilted me again. â€Å"You bring ’em both to me. † He tilted me again. â€Å"Or I’ll have your heart and liver out. † He tilted me again. † This emphasizes the situation Pip is in. Pip is being bullied by this man who is repeatedly putting Pip in places of danger. The main object of this extract is to show the fear that this man has put into Pip, and also to illuminate how trusting and accepting Pip is. In extract two, Pip is meeting Miss Havisham and Estella for the first time. He has been called for by Miss Havisham to entertain her. When he meets Estella she makes him feel common and poor. Extract two is written as Pip recollecting the meeting rather than Pip describing the meeting as its happening. Within the extract Dickens often writes what he thought at the time that it all happened, and what he would have thought knowing what would happen, â€Å"Sat the strangest lady I have ever seen, or shall ever see† By writing in this way, Dickens is emphasizing that even now Pip found that encounter very strange and odd. The reader also feels like they are being given snippets of Pip’s past. Extract two begins with Pips description of Miss Havisham’s house. The first descriptions are simple things, â€Å"And found myself in a pretty large room† And then they become more specific, as if it is taking Pip a long time for things to sink into his small child mind, â€Å"A draped table with a gilded looking-glass† The objects described in the scene set-up the image of a dull, scary house. Certainly not the place for a child to be. Pip gains sympathy because going to this house is something that his sister has made him do for the specific reason of claiming an inheritance, not something he has chosen to do. The dialogue between Pip and Miss Havisham is very important to the extract because it is the beginning of their relationship and it is also the first time Miss Havisham has been introduced to the reader. Miss Havisham’s voice is cold towards Pip, and she doesn’t show any emotion. This creates sympathy because of the predicament Pip is placed in. He wants to please Miss Havisham, which in turn will please his sister, yet he doesn’t understand just how to please Miss Havisham. â€Å"Look at me,† said Miss Havisham. â€Å"You are not afraid of a woman who has never seen the sun since you were born? † By asking this rhetorical question Miss Havisham is showing that she is of more power than Pip. The reader knows that Pip must be afraid of her but is not allowed to say so. In that sentence Miss Havisham is also giving away to the reader a clue as to why she is how she is. Pip is very confused in this extract. He does not understand when Miss Havisham is talking to him, or when she requires an answer. He has to be very wary of himself and as the reader knows how young Pip is, they feel sorry for him. â€Å"I stopped, fearing I might say too much, or already had said it† When Estella is brought into the scene she takes an instant dislike to Pip purely because he looks common, â€Å"With this boy! Why, he is a common labouring-boy! † She only refers to Pip as â€Å"boy† or â€Å"this boy† in the scene. This shows that Estella also thinks she is of higher importance than Pip. After a game of cards with Estella, Pip feels very ashamed. He looks at things he used to consider normal as things that he is doing wrong. This is when Pip begins to feel like he wants to be more than a â€Å"common labouring-boy†. He also feels that Estella is right about him, and begins to agree, â€Å"Her contempt for me was so strong, that it became infectious, and I caught it. † This is upsetting for the reader because they know that Pip will not stand up to Estella and that gains him sympathy. Pip’s use of language suggests that he is unsure of himself and what he wants to do, â€Å"I think I should like to go home now. † Although he is being given lots of responsibility this reminds the reader that he is still only a young boy. When Pip is given food the vocabulary used by Miss Havisham and Estella is very demeaning and degrading. â€Å"Estella, take him down. Let him have something to eat, and let him roam and look about him while he eats. Go, Pip. † Pip is referred to as â€Å"him† rather than by name even though he is in the room as they are having the conversation. The word â€Å"roam† also indicates something that an animal would do rather than a person. When Pip recognizes this fact, â€Å"As if I were a dog in disgrace. † We instantly feel sorry for him because he knows that he is disliked by Estella. The main object in this extract is to show to the readers how rich people looked down on lower-class people. Through-out this essay I have been looking at the ways in which Charles Dickens creates characters we can empathise with. I have found that the main ways he does this are by the descriptive language he uses to describe them, the use of language when his characters are interacting and also giving the reader a back-ground to his characters so they can feel more comfortable with the book. Dickens uses many techniques within these extracts such as rhetorical questions, repetition, listing descriptive language.

Teen’s Alcohol Abuse

The study aims to identify the factors influencing alcohol abuse among teenagers whose age range from 13 to 19 years. Stratified random sampling will be applied, with samples coming from across the state to ensure the heterogeneity of the sample in terms of the variables being studied.Stratified random sampling is done by dividing the population into strata, in this case by the towns the respondents currently reside, then by employing simple random sampling from each stratum (or town) (Johnston, B., and Christensen, L., 2000).The target number of sample will be set at 10% of the 13-19 year old population in each town (rural or urban). A possible barrier to achieving this set number of sample however is the difficulty in achieving this huge target due to the limited time and financial resources.A solution seen to overcome this barrier is through the use of the internet and sending of electronic mails to reach the respondents. The use of this type of method of data gathering may possib ly cause risks in the validity of the answers given by the respondents. Confusion on the part of the respondents may take place, and the researcher may not be available at all times to attend to clarifications. In order for this threat to be avoided, the survey questions have been constructed to be simple and concise.This sample is said to be representative of the population because of the randomization that has been done to assure that the sample is composed of individuals who are not in any way homogenized in one or more traits or characteristics being studied.The survey tool used is a 13-item questionnaire with open-ended and closed-ended questions. Possible answers which are mutually exclusive have been constructed. Should the answer not be found in the list of answers, then the sample may choose to state his response.The survey tool and variables measuredThe variables are demographic in nature such as age, and several socio-cultural variables such as the individuals the respond ent is currently living with, annual family income, the drinking history of the parents, attitude of the parents towards alcohol, and the respondent’s experience in witnessing violence and the frequency of witnessing this violence. Behavioral and attitudinal characteristics of the respondents will also be measured, such current alcohol intake, frequency of alcohol intake, and history of alcohol abuse, and availability of or accessibility to alcohol.The variable â€Å"age† is defined as the age of the respondent in years at the time of the study. This variable is answered by the second survey question, which is a closed-ended one. Since the level of measurement is ratio, the response to this item will be coded as it is.â€Å"Companion in Residence† is defined as the individual/s (if any) with whom the respondent has live with for the most part of his life. This has been defined in such a manner due to the assumption that should an individual’s beliefs or b ehavior be affected by another individual, this effect is said to be incurred by the person he has lived with longest in his life. Possible responses to this question include parents, relatives or guardians, friends or peers, or none. It is a closed-ended type of survey question.The variable â€Å"annual family income† is defined as the average income in US$ incurred by the family in one year. It will be measured in the fourth survey question which is a closed-ended one. The lowest class of the range has been set at less than $5000, whereas the highest has been set at $65,001 and above. Since the level of measurement is ratio, the response to this item will be coded as it is.The variable â€Å"alcohol drinking† is defined as the respondent’s current behavior towards alcohol, i.e. if he at present drinks or does not drink alcohol. This variable will be measured in the fifth survey question, where the respondent answers â€Å"yes† to indicate that he curren tly drinks alcohol, or a â€Å"no† to indicate that he does not currently drink alcohol. The question is a closed ended one.

Develop a strategy for the Wii's next product life cycle phase Research Paper

Develop a strategy for the Wii's next product life cycle phase - Research Paper Example The Wii was launched into a gaming market dominated by two major players, Sony’s PlayStation 3 and Microsoft’s Xbox 360. With two bid incumbents, Wii would have found it difficult to penetrate their market directly, thus it adopted a new strategy called â€Å"competing against non-consumption† (Scott Para 1). By doing this the Wii effectively positioned its product where the competitive forces were weakest (Porter 2). Scott (para 2) elaborates that whereas Sony and Microsoft were concentrated on differentiating their products in terms of providing cutting-edge game play to demanding customers, Wii focused on reaching new customers segments. Wii’s success and entry into the maturity phase can be supported by its global sales. A look at video games sales charts such as VGChartz.com shows the Wii taking the top 5 slots in weekly sales worldwide on the week ending June 25, 2011 (â€Å"Worldwide Weekly Chart, Week Ending 25th Jun 2011†). So is th e Wii now a BCG model cash cow? According to the BCG model, a cash cow is a product that is in a position of high market share in a mature market. However, from our analysis the Wii’s market growth strategy of competing against non-consumption manifested that the gaming market is yet to reach its maturity given that there are new consumer segments that can be developed.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 39

Marketing - Essay Example Around fifteen to twenty years back, most of the information was taken from the books in order to gain knowledge, but today knowledge is gained from the internet. All the libraries, journals, reports, and magazines can be accessed from the internet making it easy for people to get more knowledge (Muan). Another positive impact of technology on human relation is the communication, because human are able to contact each other from every part of the world which can create strong bonding between them. Apart from the technological advantages on human relations, there are many negative aspects of this advancement as well (Muan). Previously people use to coordinate with each other and discuss their issues but now, people have become more individualistic, and there is a certain distance between them. The families use to converse, argue, share joys within the members of the family, but technology has changed the human relations and now they desire to remain in their personal life that consist s of gadgets, cell phones, and internet (Muan). Every effort has its concluding point, but the advancement of technology has continued for many years, and it is expected that it will prolong in the upcoming years as well. There are many technologies that are not tested, yet but technologies that have been launched prove that it has become an integral part of humans and it is not possible for them to survive without technology. Since the role of the internet has become imperative for reaching the right target market and getting information of the clients, the role of technology in marketing has increased, and organizations now requires experts who can use and implement new technology in the marketing field (Shugan). The technology is significant for companies that are willing to apprehend their clients and building new relationships with these clients by using interacting tools. Previously, the organizations use to depend on their field persons for marketing

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nursing research - Essay Example To improve overall service at BTGH, so that every patient who wants to can get the highest quality of care. To improve patient-provider relations at BTGH, by improving the quality of the service which patients receive. In order to accomplish these goals, each objective in the practicum learning agreement was to be designing in a manner that helped me achieve the overall goals of my practicum project. Nonetheless, I achieved the following four objectives as per my practicum learning agreement. I carried out an effective analysis of the need to improve the low HCAHPS scores at BTGH. I learned how to develop an action plan based on the following approaches: Conducting a staff survey that identifies the needs for a healthcare facility. An effective process of conducting the literature review for the need of improving HCAHPS scores I learned the effective approach of implementing an action plan in order to improve HCAHPS scores and the importance of a mentor. Finally, I learnt the process of conducting an effective evaluation of the overall project. Effective Analysis Based on the practicum learning objective, I achieved the objective of carrying out an effective analysis on the need to improve the HCAHPS scores in a facility. ... d a crucial role in ensuring that I gained experience in conducting literature review that supported the goals of a project that I wanted to implement. On the other hand, this learning objective has played a crucial role in ensuring that I gained experience in conducting surveys that identified the needs of a healthcare facility. In this case, not only have I gained experience from the practicum project on how to identify the needs of a facility as an effective way of ensuring that I focused on achieving the overall objective of my project, but I have also gained the experience of structuring the survey questionnaire in order to obtain results that will help me develop an effective project. In addition, this learning objective has helped me gain experience on the approaches to use in order to conduct surveys from my respondents. Overall, in the process of achieving this learning objective from my practicum learning agreement, I have achieved experience that will be crucial in my futu re engagement as a nurse, and especially in the process of engaging in projects that changed practice. Developing an Action Plan The experience learnt during the preparation of the action plan is crucial in enhancing my future nursing career. In achieving this learning objective, I developed the action plan using the findings from the literature review that I conducted from the peer-reviewed journals and the survey I conducted among the nursing staff and patients admitted at Ben Taub General Hospital as represented in Appendix 1. These two activities were essential in developing the objectives of the action plan and identifying the areas that required attention in order to achieve the overall practicum’s goal of raising the HCAHPS scores at BGTH. On the other hand, it is crucial to point

Experimental Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Experimental Methods - Essay Example For this reason, seeing the actual impact of manipulating variables based on the experimentation, on the part of an experimenter will eventually help in gaining insight. The actual application of this is not only confined in a single field, but in all related areas. This means that experimental research methods could be applied in the business context. For instance, in marketing, studying the human behavior in order to understand prevailing needs is very important prior to actual formulation of certain product or service offering. Experimental research methods have major advantages and these include evidence of causality and control (Wimmer & Dominick, 2011, p.239). As stated earlier, an experimenter could manipulate variables and understand the probable impacts of these to other variables. For this reason, there is a remarkable understanding of cause and effect relationship under a controlled situation. Due to a controlled condition, the researcher will have the opportunity to manag e the environment, variables and subjects, leading to extensive understanding of the entire subjects considered. There is a high control of the external factors outside the experimental designs, allowing researchers to control extraneous influences and focus on the existing causal relationship (Fiske, Gilbert, & Lindzey, 2010, p.82; Muijs, 2010, p.19). Experimental research methods could also help solve the problem of the realism of the environment and will open a new door for another set of problems because of the associated replications of findings (Babbie, 2010, p.198). However, experimental research methods could somehow be vulnerable to employ actions that are entirely relevant with deception and ethical considerations (Denscombe, 2010, p.76). This is particularly clear when there is a need to employ control groups in the experiment, so there could be variation of treatments and even hiding something from the respondents just to be able to come up with the relevant and desired information, without any strong influence of extraneous factors. Experimental research methods could be incorporated in the business communication research particularly in finding causal and effect relationship through isolating and controlling variables in a scientific manner (Lam & Bauer, 2008). In today’s advancement of information and technology, there is an actual integration of information systems and business. Experimental research methods are also found to be relevant in information systems research with actual business perspective (Levy & Ellis, 2011). Among experimental research methods, field experiment is commonly employed in various research investigations in line with business concerns. So let us explore some actual applications of field experiments in the business context. Field experiments engaged actual real-life setting of experimental manipulations within a natural environment in which business, economics and management research usually has considerable eng agement because of its external validity to identify causation (Elsevier, 2009). For instance, field experiment usually is used in test marketing of new products or evaluating alternative promotional programs (Al-Ubaydli & Boettke, 2011). In the actual context, field experiment is becoming popular. This research method has remarkable contribution in order to ensure achievement of good business management. To make it more productive, it is

Rogerian Theory includes the concept of Necessary and Sufficient Essay

Rogerian Theory includes the concept of Necessary and Sufficient conditions for client change. Discuss these conditions in DETAIL - Essay Example The conditions include: The two people he referred to were the patient and his therapist. The first condition states that there has to be a relationship in terms of psychological contact for change to occur. He, however, indicates that this condition is a hypothesis and is open to disapproval (Sharf, 2012). By saying this, he means that for a change to occur there has to be dissimilarity between the client’s actual experience and his or her self picture the experience. This implies that the client has to be in a state of inadequacy (Sharf, 2012). Unlike the client, Carl suggests that the therapist has to be himself and his actual experiences have to be accurately represented by the knowledge he has of himself. He has to be in a state of adequacy. It is only through this that the change can occur. By saying this, he means that the therapist has to experience a warm acceptance of the client’s incongruence or inadequacy as being part of the client. This means that the therapist must not have conditions for accepting a client (Sharf, 2012). All clients must be equally accepted regardless of their experiences. The therapist must sense his or her client’s private world, in a way, that feels like it was his own, but without losing the congruence to his own knowledge of himself. His remarks and assertions should conform to the client’s content and mood, and he should be in a position to comprehend the client’s feelings. This is called empathy. This implies that the client must understand, to a minimal degree, the empathy and acceptance he or she is offered by the therapist. It is only when some aspects of these attitudes are perceived that change can occur (Sharf,

Heroin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Heroin - Research Paper Example People are moving from the abuse of simple drugs to abuse of hard and more dangerous drugs (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2013). In the past alcohol and tobacco were the most abused drugs. However, recently more complex and hazardous drugs such as cocaine and heroin have gained dominance and are the most abused drugs in USA. This paper ill discuss abuse of heroin in the USA and will analyze the available statistics as well as the effects of the drug on the abuser. According to the NSDUH, the number of people using heroin in the year 2012 was about 669,000 (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2014). The number had increased by more than double as compared to the statistics done in 2007. Most of the drug abusers of heroin are of the ages between 18and 25. According to the research done in 2012, the number of new users was 156,000, and this indicated that the abuse of the drug was increasing at an alarming rate. The statistic done by NSBUH proved that there was a reduced abuse of the drug for people aged between eight years and twelve years (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2014). A report by the WHO showed that, the numbers of people who were admitted in USA hospitals due to heroin abuse was alarming. According to their research done in 2002, the found out that the number of admitted people due to heroin abuse was 214,000. A follow-up research done in 2012 proved that the number of hospitalized people had grown by 50%. This statistic was interpreted to mean that heroin use had doubled in a period of ten years. Previously, heroin abuse was only in urban areas but recently it has spread to rural areas. 11% of all the heroin abusers in 2012 were all from rural communities such as St Louis and Chicago (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2014). Frequent us of heroine leads to addiction which is a very challenging to stop the habit. Any attempts to quit abuse of heroin leads to the patient experiencing severe withdrawal symptoms. The extent to

The Theme of Conflict in the First Six Chapters in Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

The Theme of Conflict in the First Six Chapters in Lord of the Flies Essay The novel, Lord of the Flies by William Golding, is the book I have read recently. At the beginning Ralph and Jack like each other, but Jack’s aggressive and domineering nature makes him unable to accept Ralph’s leadership. Ralph is unable to understand Jack’s obsession with hunting and is furious with him when he lets the fire go out. Ralph is horrified by Jacks increasing savagery and is baffled and frustrated by the way he doesn’t care about the fire and rescue. He ends up screaming at Jack that he is â€Å"a beast and a swine†. When everybody meets each other for the first time they have a vote on who will be the leader. Ralph was chosen and I think when Jack realised he hadn’t been picked he changed into a different person, wanting to rule everyone on the island. I think that there only can be one leader as with any more it will be impossible for them to get along and agree with each other. Especially if the two are not very similar like Jack and Ralph. It’s almost like my mum and dad, as I think my mum has more control over me when really they should be the same. At the beginning Jack says that they should have rules and if anyone breaks them they will be punished. Later on in the book he is contradictory because he doesn’t obey the rules, â€Å"bollocks to the rules†. This civilisation verses savage causes many problems between Jack and Ralph. They both want fire but for different reasons. Ralph wants it for rescue and the one thing that Jack cares about is for cooking the meat. On the other hand it was ironic that the officer came to the island because of Jack, as he set the island on fire. Ralphs view of Piggy changes. At first, Ralph doesn’t take him seriously and makes fun of him like the others, but he gradually comes to realise Piggys’ good qualities. When Jack realises Ralph is friends with Piggy the conflict between them increases and it drives Jack mad. Ralph learns to respect Piggy’s intelligence which Jack couldn’t handle. This again emphasises the fact that they both can’t be leader as they don’t think the same and are not very similar. Ralph represents order and composure in society. Eventually Jack grew tired of Ralph being in charge. He let the barbarism inside of him transform him into a savage-like creature and he went on a rampage, destroying the makeshift civilization the boys worked so hard to create. This made it hard for everyone to stay civilized and it caused a lot of arguments between Jack and Ralph. So they are both completely different characters and I think they will never get along.

Company overview of Indian coffee business

Company overview of Indian coffee business This case study analyses and discusses the Indian company Cafà © Coffee Day, its Marketing Mix and entry mode to the UK. My research aims to explore the cafà © coffee days background, marketing mix, and the success strategies in India in addition to various kinds of international environmental factors and market entry mode to enter in the UK market. The questions of why and how to enter in the UK market are illustrated with different market entry modes. It is found that the UK market is ease to enter for business. I compared the companys marketing mix and UKs marketing environment. I presented some recommendation to the successful Indian organization except minimum international experience for building its charisma in the UK. This case study is illustrates a trusted and well known coffee house brand Cafà © Coffee Day, and how it is possible for this to venture into one of the largest economy in the European zone , The United Kingdom. This case study describes the various marketing mix of this organization, the marketing environment of UK and the possible entry modes. Cafà © Coffee Day in India Cafà © Coffee Day (CCD) is one of the well established company and heart throb of youths in India. The headquarter is situated in Chikkamagaluru, Karnataka its a division of Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company Ltd. CCD opened its first cafe in the year 1996 on the socially frequented area called Brigade Road which is located in the heart of Bangalore, now it has become the biggest retail chain of cafà ©s in India, having more than 1000 cafes in 141 cities. Cafà © Coffee Day stands out as a unique brand in India and has managed to achieve the tag of Most Trusted Brand ranking itself as second in a survey for food services conducted in 2008. Nowadays CCD plans to create big global chain by 2012-2013(Cafà © Coffee Day Official website 2010). While expanding the business in India, CCDs marketing strategy is to open a cafà © near to educational institution and corporate campuses. CCD already started to explore European market; they made their present to open coffee shops in Vienna. Cafà © coffee day is having various kinds of formats depending on the target audience. Cafà © Coffee Day Trivia C:Documents and SettingsRanjeetDesktopccd_table1.JPG (Source: website CCD Coffee Day website 2010) Cafà © Coffee Day Formats: C:Documents and SettingsRanjeetDesktopccd_table2.JPG (Source: website CCD Coffee Day website 2010) United Kingdom: United Kingdom has the sixth largest economy in the world and stands tall in list of developed countries in the European Union. UK is the home of world famous education institutes and corporate houses. Central Intelligence Agencys cites that the population of UK is 62,348,447 (July 2010), and the real GDP of the country is -5% (2009 est.). The annual report of World Bank declared that United Kingdom is ranked 4 out of 183 economies for ease of doing business. While choosing the UK market Cafà © Coffee Day needs to analysis the international marketing environments (CIA world factbook 2010). International Market Environment Brassington Pettit, (2006) argues while taking the decision to pursue international development, the company has to investigate following environmental factors. Socio cultural Environment Cultural factors Language Factors The UK population speaks various languages according to the region, Although English is the national language but CCD needs to consider Scot, Scot Gaelic, Welsh, Irish and Cornish languages as well. Religion CIA world factbook categorized religions in The UK (2001 census) (Source: CIA FactBook Website) Social factors Demographic factors and lifestyle plays very important role. According to MSI various sectors of the fast food market appeal to different age groups as a result the age profile of the UK population is significant factor affecting the demand. The urbanization of UK population is 0.5% the annual rate of change from 2005-10 and in year 2010 the population growth rate is 0.563 % (CIA World factbook). Legal Environment The UK legal system has early influences of roman and modern continental practices of law; has guidelines for the Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998 which have a non binding review of judicial nature; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations (CIA World factbook) International Laws The United Kingdom comes under European countrys laws and regulations, and Indian and UK participation organization like IFC, ICC etc. Technological Environment The UK is technologically advanced than the India and having wide range of internet, telephone, and mobile network. Economic Environment The UK is a leading trading power and financial centre. In India CCD does not have any rules of minimum wages but while entering in United Kingdom, Company needs to give consideration to minimum wage rule, inflation rate, unemployment rate and household income . Political Environment Political and legal factors plays an imperative role in this industry, these factors sets the rule of competition, operational cost and wages. Following points should consider while entering in the UK. Operational restrictions Discriminatory restriction Physical actions Marketing Mix of Cafà © Coffee Day The age old marketing mix, consisting of the 4Ps i.e; 1.Product 2.Price 3. Place 4. Promotion However CCD offering infrastructure, facilities, staffs, and the process from ordering the product to delivering it. This is the reason makes us to consider People, Physical evidence and Process (Brassington Pettit, 2006, P. 1063). Products Food (Source: official website of CCD) Beverages (Source: official website of CCD) Cafà © Coffee Day is offering various ranges of products, some of them already exist in UK market. The Cafà © Coffee Day adopts a product managing hindsight to distinguish each of its unique cafe which are exhibited under an umbrella of products and those can be different as per the location. For example we can introduce Masala Chai and Kashmiri Qahwah to Indian populated area. Price While considering the price mix for UK market, CCD needs to consider various factors which can play the vital role to influence the pricing strategy. Factors: Affects on the Pricing Strategy Company and Product factors Corporate and Marketing objectives The short term tactical use of pricing such as discounts, product offers, ex. McDonalds use Big Mac with fries and Coke Firm and Product positioning Available resources Marketing and Product development Market Factors Consumers perception of the product, associated expectations and the average spending ability Identifying the objectives of the existing, their upcomingstrategies and unqiue selling point Environmental Factors Government influences and constraints Level of inflation Cafà © coffee day can apply a variety of strategies, combination of affordable prices and understand consumers need in addition to estimate the competition from the major companies like Starbucks and Costa Coffee and their strength and weakness as well. Business in the UK is governed by Government regulations and inflation plays an important role running them. It is important for CCD to analyze all the important factors which i have mentioned above to integrate and coordinate pricing policies to grow in the UK (Doole Lowe, 2008, P. 383-4). Place Strategic locations of the outlets help to attract the target market by means of which Cafà © Coffee day is sustaining its business, for ex. in India their outlets are commonly situated near to family entertainment centers, educational institutes and high street. CCD can apply the same strategy in addition to it can open the outlets in city center and near to corporate offices. Promotion Cafà © Coffee Day use promotion mix in India like ties up with youth brand Levies and association in movies except as a new company in the UK; it needs to go with more options of promotions. The customer is most likely to build his/her expectations by grasping the communication messages marketing the service a business service is likely to deliver (Brassington Pettit, 2006, P. 1069). The Promotion criteria use a variety of communication and motivation techniques with adequate emphasis on the need to generate curiosity which ultimately helps the customer purchase the new product with trust (Lilly Walters1997). Following possible channels of advertising can aid CCD to realize its existence in the market. T.V. Radio Print Advertising Internet Advertising Sales Promotion (Student Concession) People The nature of Services provided depends on the various interactions between people, including Cafà © Coffee Days staff and the regular customer. The staff plays vital role to deliver the quality service, people in CCD knows People are hired for what they know but fired for how they behave. Cafà © Coffee Day believes that staff is the real face of any company so they can stress on intensive staff training to cope with customers. Physical evidence Brassington Pettit have mentioned Physical evidence comprises the tangible elements that support the service delivery, and offer clues about the positioning of the service product or give the customer something solid to take away with them to symbolized the intangible benefit they have received(2006, P.1070). Cafà © Coffee Day is well aware about the physical evidences it can be categorized by: Brand Image, Logo: Cafà © Coffee Day logo has bright red and green color which gives it a distinct appeal. Red color represents leadership, vitality and the zest for drinking coffee, whereas the strokes in green instantiates the heritage of producing coffee Architecture and Dà ©cor: Cafà © Coffee Day is using lots of young color of today like limegreen, yellow, orange and purple and lots of steel instead of wood. Literature: A youth representative image is indicated by the literature provided by Cafà © Coffee Day. The  colorful hardbound menus, placards, leaflets are all designed o appeal the younger generation who are able to emphasize with it. Processes In India earlier Cafà © Coffee Day opted on self serving system but nowadays in most of the outlets the waiter comes and takes away the order and delivers it to the particular table. While considering the UK market it can be vary according to the location for an example CCD can choose to go with self service with an outlet on Sauchihall street in Glasgow to alleviate the service provision in heavy rush and to avoid the appointment of an additional staff for servicing, thereby saving cost in process execution. Entry Mode to United Kingdom Once the company decided to enter in the UK market, it must evaluate various options on how to create an entry into the market. Different factors influence the choice of entry into the market. Brassington Pettit (2006, P.1131-2) state six main factors are as below: Speed: How quickly a company wants to penetrate into a market? Cost: How much is the initial investment required to enter into the UK market? Flexibility: How flexible is the company to adapt to the requirements of the changing market? Risk factors: Competitive and Political risk Payback period: The pressure from within the organization to produce a quick return on any foreign market investment How fast the organization operates to achieve break even on investments from foreign shores and also generate profits on the long run. Long-term profit objectives: long term strategic plan and opportunities While entering in the United Kingdom, Cafà © Coffee Day can use different entry modes for its all business divisions. Direct Export Direct exporting means that the Cafà © Coffee Day would produce FMCG products in India and then foray into a foreign venture thereby exporting it to the new found market i.e. (UK) customer without involving intermediary parties. The parent company Amalgamated Bean Coffee Trading Company Ltd is one of the biggest exporters of green coffee from India since 1999. The company having expertise in export, it will help Cafà © Coffee Day to send overseas its FMCG products like Coffee day, Cafà © Beat. Advantages Its sellers responsibility to find customers, negotiate with them and process their orders. Seller maintains complete control by selling through his own export department and sales force It helps to build up clear presence in the market Disadvantages Transportation cost will be high Dependency on Buyer (Porters 5 forces Bargaining power of Buyer ) It might creates lack of control over marketing and sales by delegating to agents Franchising Cafà © Coffee Day can consider Franchising for its Cafà © Coffee Day express and lounge which would mean that CCD is ready to grant the rights to use the multitude of marketing avenues like brand usage, trademarks and usage of products, and a franchisee mode of operation is put in place to make the local entities run the operations under the banner of CCD. Advantages It can generate franchise fee It creates Opportunities to build a broadermarket operation Disadvantages It may create quality control and protecting brand equity problem Wholly-owned Subsidiaries Cafà © Coffee Day can also be concerned about wholly-owned Subsidiaries for express and lounge division. One of the most expensive methods of market entry is using wholly owned subsidiary. It requires long term commitment from the management and resources (Doole and Lowe, 2008, P. 250). This entry method can facilitate Cafà © Coffee Day plans to create the big global chain by 2012-13, at the time of entering in the UK will send clear message about the companys agenda. Advantages Wholly own subsidiary will serve control of core competency and manufacturing method to a competitor The entry mode will assist to realize learning curve and location economies Disadvantages The entry mode will make CCD to bear full cost of establishing its own subsidiary Cafà © Coffee Day needs to study British culture, consumers and competitions Cafà © Coffee Day will have to face UK politics and laws Sales Subsidiaries Cafà © Coffee Day can think about sales subsidiaries while selling its coffee vending machines in the United Kingdom. Sales subsidiaries play no role in manufacturing the products apart from taking accountability for marketing, selling and distributing it (Brassington Pettit, 2006, P. 1138). Advantages CCD can recruit local as well as transfer staff from India It can build up closeness to the customer Transferred staff can have good expertise in the product and management knowledge Recruiting local staff will help CCD to acquire local contacts and knowledge Disadvantages CCD needs to give product and management training to local staff Transportation cost of vending machine can be high Transferred staff needs local knowledge and contacts, and expatriates cost can be high Manufacturing Subsidiaries CCD can also deliberate to establish manufacturing subsidiaries to reduce the import tariff. They can accumulate existing products in the local market or developing better products as per requirements (Brassington Pettit, 2006, P. 1139). Advantages UK government is keen to attract inward investment, it can offer incentives and grants to set up in key region This entry mode for CCD helps to reduce transportation cost in addition to CCD can export the machines to other European countries. Disadvantages This kind of operation needs to start from scratch or acquire manufacturing unit CCD needs to calculate long-term plan before investing resources Recommendations While considering Cafà © Coffee Day, its Business divisions and the United Kingdom as a potential European market I would like to present some recommendations. While studying marketing i come to know that there is no immediate or best solution for entering into a foreign market. Cafà © Coffee Day should calculate all the facts and figures regarding United Kingdom. Cafà © Coffee Day needs to consider franchising, direct export, wholly-owned subsidiaries, sales and manufacturing subsidiaries with their pros and cons. World Banks reports for doing business in the United Kingdom is positive but as a new foreign company in the market, Cafà © Coffee Day should consider to go with low investment and long term strategic goals. Cafà © Coffee Day must consider all the regulations, international laws, and culture and target customers in addition to existing competitors as well.